8 5–6" English-style bone-in beef short ribs (about 6 pounds)
Kosher salt, freshly ground pepper
2 tablespoons vegetable oil
2 medium onions, chopped
2 heads of garlic, halved crosswise
4 celery stalks, chopped
2 medium carrots, peeled, chopped
2 tablespoons tomato paste
1 teaspoon coriander seeds
1 teaspoon cumin seeds
7 chiles de árbol, divided, or 1 teaspoon crushed red pepper flakes
4 sprigs oregano
4 wide strips orange zest, plus some thin strips for serving
1 cup plus 2 tablespoons fresh orange juice
2 limes, halved
1/2 cup fresh cilantro leaves with tender stems